Overview

Scientific theories have been developed from scratch, marking the continued progress of human civilization. But you may not know, looking at the entire development of human science, almost all proven theories are somewhat ruinous in it, or subvert human common sense things can only be called theoretical development.

Italian astronomer Galileo had done in 1589 in the Leaning Tower of Pisa free fall experiment, the experiment began before we all thought that the heavy lead ball first fall to the ground, but the experimental results were greatly unexpected. Such examples abound in the scientific community, the following we will say that several have been proven to be true, but you can not accept the theory.

The speed of light cannot be exceeded

In fact, for science, in order to emphasize the rigor of scientists generally do not say so absolute, but only "the speed of light can not be exceeded" this statement after a century of development has not been overturned. According to recent physicists, the speed of light is the fastest speed in the universe, and its photon projection speed reached about 300,000 kilometers per second.

Considering that the distance between the Earth and the Sun is about 149.6 million kilometers, it takes only 500 seconds for a photon emitted from the surface of the Sun to reach the Earth. At this point, friends who are good at looking into the future ask: If we can build a spacecraft that reaches the speed of light or exceeds the speed of light in the future, then we will be able to travel the solar system in a flash?

This is true in theory, but reality often hits us head on. The great modern physicist Albert Einstein, in his 1905 "Special Theory of Relativity", clearly stated that the speed of light cannot be exceeded.

This means that even if one day the development of human technology to the extreme, we made the vehicle still can not catch up with the speed of light, want to travel to the solar system or more distant galaxy, is indeed a relatively distant dream ah.

The bystander effect

In 1969, social psychologist Latani did a very famous psychological experiment in which he brought a group of volunteers together in a house and then asked them to hear the sound of the woman next door falling from a chair.

Initially heard the sound, some people out of instinct want to go over to check, but then look around to hold back; later when the woman let out a moan of pain, and some people want to help, but see the surrounding people are indifferent, and finally gave up.

This is a typical manifestation of the bystander effect, when the more bystanders there are, the fewer people are willing to lend a helping hand to the trouble, which is a form of diffusion of responsibility.

Perhaps this psychological phenomenon overturned the perception of many people, because in everyone's mind, the more people stand the probability of good people within the crowd, when trouble occurs, the probability that these good people will step in to help.

But the opposite is true. Even if there are 99 good people and 1 bad person gathered in front of the trouble, they will probably ignore the trouble due to the bystander effect. Because people will always think: they are not going to help, why should I go first? I'm not the one causing the trouble, so why make trouble?

Many people say that in modern society do not feel a trace of human warmth, most likely because after the accident gathered around too many people, the injured want to go forward to help, but everyone instinctively respect and away. Not that the onlookers are bad people, but social responsibility is dispersed, who are not willing to help first.

But here we can teach you a crack, when we are in trouble, we can "name" others to ask for help.

For example, "Little man with glasses, come and help me move it, will you?" This kind of statement with obvious characteristics of correction, will make people instantly understand who you are talking to, this time everyone is watching it, even if he is a bad guy, will come over to help you out of face considerations.

The Mpeba phenomenon

A question: a glass of 100 degrees boiling water and a glass of 40 degrees warm water in the same environment, which glass of water will be the first to become cold? Many people will not hesitate to answer, of course, is the cup of 40 degrees of warm water.

But the opposite is true: the first thing to get cold is the cup of boiling water. As incredible as it sounds, this is the important physical phenomenon discovered by Tanzanian student Erasto Mpeba.

After its publication of this conclusion, which had stirred up the community for a long time, people were totally unconvinced by this result that defied logic and decided to do their own experiments to disprove Mpeba's theory. Someone found the same shape of the cup, filled with the same volume of water, the only difference is the temperature of the water; in the same environment, the first to cool must be the water with higher heat.

Someone else decided to change his thinking, he put two cups of water with different temperatures into the refrigerator to observe which cup of water will freeze first, and in the end it was still the higher temperature water that froze first. However, the theory does not completely generalize the phenomenon of water becoming cold or freezing, for example, a cup of 100 degrees of water and a cup of 0.01 degrees of water into the refrigerator, it is natural or 0.01 degrees of water first freeze.

But the Mpeba phenomenon still exists, and people cannot understand why the higher the temperature of water, the faster it is in cooling or freezing time instead. Scientists found after research: the speed of cooling of the liquid and the temperature of the liquid itself is not related, its cooling rate is determined by the liquid temperature gradient.

When the temperature of the liquid is higher, it has a larger cooling gradient, as if it takes 1 hour to drop from 100 degrees to 0 degrees, but 3 hours to drop from 40 degrees to 0 degrees. Because they are in different cooling gradients with each other, the cooling time will naturally be different; or we simply understand that the higher the surface temperature of the liquid, the faster it emits energy to the outside.

Concluding remarks

We like to live by basic logic in our lives, but in fact there are many theories in the scientific community that transcend logic.

Just like the Moon always faces the Earth on one side, while the Earth has to keep its rotation and rotation running synchronously when facing the Sun, can this be explained by logic? In the end, it depends on science. Even if we encounter a theory that people cannot understand, it should be accepted by everyone as long as it conforms to the truth and rigor of science.