Because of the epidemic, the tourism industry has been greatly affected. However, with the summer holidays coming, parents are willing to take their children on a family trip, which is a constant source of blood for the tourism industry.
Now look, ah, our transport developed, airplanes, high-speed trains, where you want to go, which if placed in ancient times, that the ancients can not be so easy, because no matter where you go, you have to walk on two feet. Good conditions, to take the carriage.
Although the ancient tourism industry is not as developed as it is now, but still the birth of a famous traveler, which is the Ming Dynasty and even the history of China's first donkey - Xu Xiak. Our country's travel agencies, should give him as the ancestor.
1. Xu Xiaque was on the road for 30 years, where did he get the money?
Xu Xiaque was certainly not the earliest tourist, but he is definitely the unsurpassed one. It is written in our history textbooks that he was a famous geographer and traveler of the Ming Dynasty, the ceiling of backpackers. All thirteen provinces of the Ming Dynasty, all traveled; mountains, lakes, seas and rivers, all seen. The 600,000-word "Travels of Xu Xiak" he wrote is an important reference material for the study of our ancient geography, climate, traditional culture, folklore and military, and is of great value.
Xu Xiake wanted to explore the famous mountains and rivers as a teenager, and finally did so when he was 22 years old, and continued to do so for 31 years until he was "bipedal" at the age of 53. Most of his 31 years were spent in the journey. With this, I am afraid that few donkeys can reach it today.
Travel is the source of his life. No longer walking Xu Xiak, just one year, he died. At that time, someone asked him, ah you stay at home well can not, Xu Xiake replied: "Zhang Qian chiseled the West, have never seen Kunlun; Xuanzang and Yelu Chu Cai was funded by the emperor, to be able to travel west. But I am a poor citizen, all with a cane, two shoes, you can poor quicksand, Kunlun, the Western region, the name of the country, and the three of them. My life is worth it!"
Hey? Then the question arises, if Xu Xiaque is really a poor people, then he did not work for more than 30 years, a high-intensity self-drive tour, where did the money come from?
In fact, Xu Xiaque's family is not poor at all, his senior ancestor called Xu Jing, Jiangyin, the local rich, too much money to count. Xu Xiaque's father, Xu Youmian, started a business from scratch and made a lot of money, with a large amount of land and handicraft workshops. Xu Xiaque is a rich N generation, himself married a wife and four concubines. Such family conditions, at that time is a proper wealthy class. Money is not really a problem for him.
Because the Xu family has always been very rich, and love of culture, the family has a collection of ten thousand volumes of books, the interaction is naturally the big brother level characters. Xu Xiake's circle of votes is actually very intimidating, up to the high officials of the court, the East Forest Party bigwigs, down to the local scholar, Xiucai, he knew. When Xu Xiake's grandson was born, he received five special congratulatory letters, the letter writers were all famous Hanlin scholars of the court, including Huang Daozou, Wen Zhen Meng and other giants of the time.
He was also a celebrity at the time, and others who interacted with him felt that their faces were glowing, so his food, clothing and accommodation were actually not too much of a problem. 53 years old on his last trip, his legs were broken, and it was the local officials in Yunnan who sent him back to Jiangyin.
What's more, on one trip, he met a senior officer named Tang Yuping, who gave him a magical prop: the pass horse tag, also known as the "fire tag".
This pass horse plate is a token presented by Ming Dynasty military personnel to the post. Once you show the horse plate, the post staff immediately sent free accommodation and travel services. This Xu Xiake's self-funded line, immediately turned into a high-end atmosphere times more dignified public tourism. Xu Xiake the privilege of a hand, he immediately began to make a power and blessing.
First, it is to make the grassroots working people 996, after he got the privilege of using local husband and servant to drive to catch the road during his trip to Guangxi, he turned into a black-hearted capitalist and played hard to use free labor. So much so that his reputation is almost unbearable, once he entered a village, to conscript the people to him to pull the carriage driving horses, scared the local strong men hid in the mountains overnight.
Xu Xiaque searched for half a day, found that the locals play non-violent non-cooperation with him, so he also played a wave of desperate, door-to-door to search, and finally pulled two poor women to him as hard labor.
Secondly, he also engages in public funding and demands high standard accommodation and food treatment.
Still in this village, the old man in charge of post affairs heard that a big evil man with a horse tag was bullying and had to come to receive him. Xu Xiake also proudly stated in his travelogue: "I have official proof that this old man had to receive this great man in a good way. And his son was lame and had no ability to resist, so the old man was still afraid that I would take a whip to his family."
In this way, Xu Xiaque relied on some privileges, recklessly demanding a high quality of life, while ordering people to seize the time to find someone to carry and unload the luggage, while demanding that food and drink be arranged as soon as possible. The standard of food and drink is to have fish and meat, "boiled eggs to offer pulp (is the drink)", so that the people are anxious, hands and feet.
Eventually Xu Xiakai a meal, before leaving also claimed that he lost two chickens, until the villagers had to give him two chickens, then on the road.
The next day he went to another village and did the same thing, and ordered the locals to call the strong men who were in hiding, so that they would not delay carrying my sedan chair and luggage tomorrow! What? You say it is late at night, the dogs are asleep, I do not care, go now, right now!
Xu Xiakai took a sign, you can be so powerful, usually those officials will be more arrogant in the end, it is also evident.
These things are Xu Xiake's own record, the tone is not lack of complacency, and it has become a major stain on his life. But we can not use the current moral standards to require the ancients, just like the requirements of the love bean, must be perfect personality behavior all. Besides, no one is perfect, these dishonorable acts of Xu Xiaque, does not disguise his greatness.
2. You can experience the joy of travel without leaving home
In fact, travel this file, in itself is enough to hurt the effort, the ancient productivity is not developed, especially so. You see this high-speed rail, airplanes, high-speed roads, that is the same are not, the people go out either by ox cart, or with one of the eight immortals Zhang Guolao, like riding a small donkey on the road. More or 11 roads, open their legs and walk.
Even if the means of transportation is inconvenient, and the road is also quite dangerous, "Shanhaijing" recorded more than sixty kinds of journey on the road may have natural dangers, look at the classification label is scary enough, what "see is dead" "can eat people" "If you see it, you will die", "can eat people", "if you see it, you will have great water". So much so that people go away, have to divination and fortune-telling, pray to God, "Zhou Yi" in a trigram "travel trigram" is used to calculate the luck of the trip.
Worse, the ancient unlike today's tertiary industry is so developed, then the hotel, the hotel are beggar version, poor haha the people go out to live in temples and Taoist temples, and even to the sky as a quilt, to the ground as a bed. This forces us to go out to bring a variety of household goods.
Like the late Ming literati Zhang Dai, the number one troublemaker in the world, that's more tossed. Do not know? Is the "lake pavilion to see the snow" the old brother, the "people without fetish, is not interesting" old brother.
Zhang Dai comes from a family of officials, is a rich N generation, a very fussy rich N generation. He wrote in the "self for the epitaph": "less for the fop, very love prosperity, good fine house, good beautiful maid, good molester, good fresh clothes, good food, good horses, good lanterns, good fireworks, good pear garden, good drumming, good antiques, good flowers and birds, but also to tea obscene orange abuse, book beetle poetry devil." Can be described as extravagant.
He said in his essay "Traveling in the mountains Xiaoqi", the basic configuration of going out luggage is: small boat, sitting felt, tea, cups, chopsticks, incense burner, firewood, rice, each person should bring their own a gu, a pot, two kinds of small dishes. This is only the basic configuration of Mr. Zhang, good guys, this packing a suitcase will have to be tired of the dog, but people have money, someone to pack for him, there are senior carriage horse pack.
But what about ordinary people? Can only be a whole person by themselves. With so much luggage, you are still interested in traveling?
In short, it was a hassle to travel in ancient times. But there is a way to travel, not only to eliminate all the above-mentioned troubles, but also to experience a wave of deep immersion travel. That is the "sleeper tour".
As the name implies, a recumbent tour is a lay-flat tour. The earliest trendsetter who played "lying down tour" was Zong Bing, a hermit in the Wei Jin Dynasty.
This old man's family is very rich, when he was young is a senior donkey, specializing in catching the famous mountains and rivers grip. But there is a saying: all day to engage in outdoor, quite hurt the knee. The old age is one, the legs and feet are inconvenient.
But the old man is a martyr in his twilight years, but also want to continue over the mountains to see the scenery. What to do? He came to a very creative way to play, the impressions of the landscape in his head into a painting, to a "clear view of the road, lying in order to swim," lying all day to look at the painting, as if in the landscape, with the now popular "cloud tourism" is similar.
In addition, the "recumbent tour" there is a master, that is, the Yongzheng master.
Yongzheng was a super workaholic, a veteran James Bond expert, resting only five hours a day and hardly ever leaving the city of Beijing. But he also wanted to travel around and enjoy himself in the mountains and waters. So he transformed into a cosplay master and had a group of paintings painted, which is the famous "Yongzheng's Journey".
In these paintings, Yongzheng wears various costumes of literati and even commoners, and even wears European wigs and Western-style clothing. In the paintings, he does things such as playing the zither, picking chrysanthemums, inscribing on a mountain wall, fishing alone in the cold river snow, fighting a tiger with a steel fork, shooting arrows, and so on.
The most shocking thing was that he was happily washing his feet in the river in a rough suit. In this way, Yongzheng completed a trip he had never made before. Even if the body is closed and managed, the soul can still fly across the river.
And this, I think, is the world that Yongzheng really wants.
Contributing author: Chen Liangchao, a graduate student in the Department of History, South China Normal University
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